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  1. Chemistry | Definition, Topics, Types, History, & Facts | Britannica

    Sep 23, 2025 · Cooking, fermentation, glass making, and metallurgy are all chemical processes that date from the beginnings of civilization. Today, vinyl, Teflon, liquid crystals, …

  2. Chemical reaction | Definition, Equations, Examples, & Types

    Oct 10, 2025 · A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products. Substances are either …

  3. Chemical element | Definition, Origins, Distribution, & Facts

    Oct 17, 2025 · A chemical element is any substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by ordinary chemical processes. Elements are the fundamental materials of which …

  4. Chemical formula | Definition, Types, Examples, & Facts | Britannica

    Sep 20, 2025 · Chemical formula, any of several kinds of expressions of the composition or structure of chemical compounds. The forms commonly encountered are empirical, molecular, …

  5. Chemical weapon | Convention, Definition, List, World War I, …

    Sep 12, 2025 · Chemical weapon, any of several chemical compounds, usually toxic agents, that are intended to kill, injure, or incapacitate. In modern warfare, chemical weapons were first …

  6. Interactive Periodic Table of the Elements | Symbols, Atomic …

    Cooking, fermentation, glass making, and metallurgy are all chemical processes that date from the beginnings of civilization. Today, vinyl, Teflon, liquid crystals, semiconductors, and …

  7. Chemical industry | Overview, Importance, & History | Britannica

    Chemical industry, complex of processes, operations, and organizations engaged in the manufacture of chemicals and their derivatives. Raw materials include fossil fuels and …

  8. Chemical energy | Definition & Facts | Britannica

    The chemical energy in food is converted by the body into mechanical energy and heat. The chemical energy in coal is converted into electrical energy at a power plant. The chemical …

  9. chemical energy - Kids | Britannica Kids | Homework Help

    People have invented ways to use the chemical energy of substances to power machines. For example, the chemical energy inside the substances in a battery can be transformed into …

  10. Mercury | Definition, Uses, Density, & Facts | Britannica

    Sep 22, 2025 · Mercury, chemical element, liquid metal of Group 12 of the periodic table. Mercury is the only elemental metal that is liquid at room temperature. Mercury is silvery white and …